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| 杀虫剂对扶桑绵粉蚧的室内毒力及生理生化的影响 |
| Determination of the laboratory toxicity and physiological and biochemical effects of different insecticides on the Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley |
| 投稿时间：2024-07-30 修订日期：2024-09-23 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 扶桑绵粉蚧 杀虫剂 解毒酶 能源物质 |
| 英文关键词:Phenacoccus solenopsis insecticide detoxification enzyme energy substance |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目）；广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 扶桑绵粉蚧Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley是一种重大入侵害虫,目前其防治主要依赖化学杀虫剂。为筛选对扶桑绵粉蚧高效的杀虫剂并明确杀虫剂对扶桑绵粉蚧生理生化的影响,选取3种能有效防治刺吸式口器害虫的不同化学类别杀虫剂(啶虫脒、高效氯氰菊酯、灭多威),采用浸虫浸叶法测定3种不同类型杀虫剂对扶桑绵粉蚧3龄若虫的室内毒力,进一步测定在LC50、LC30、LC10下扶桑绵粉蚧体内海藻糖、可溶性蛋白和甘油三酯的含量及解毒酶[谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GSTs)、羧酸酯酶(CarE)]的活性。结果表明,啶虫脒的致死中浓度最低,其次是高效氯氰菊酯、灭多威。不同杀虫剂胁迫下GSTs活性变化规律不同,但杀虫剂LC50胁迫均显著提高GSTs活性；相反,CarE活性不同程度的降低,高效氯氰菊酯和灭多威胁迫下CarE显著被抑制,在灭多威LC30处理下CarE活性最低。3种杀虫剂各浓度胁迫下扶桑绵粉蚧体内海藻糖含量均显著降低,啶虫脒LC30处理下含量最低；而可溶性蛋白含量仅在高效氯氰菊酯与灭多威胁迫下显著降低,同一浓度下,啶虫脒处理后可溶性蛋白含量显著高于高效氯氰菊酯与灭多威处理。低浓度灭多威胁迫后,扶桑绵粉蚧体内甘油三酯含量略有升高,而高效氯氰菊酯及啶虫脒胁迫下,甘油三酯含量略有降低。表明扶桑绵粉蚧对啶虫脒更为敏感,受到杀虫剂胁迫需消耗大量能源物质以求生存,GSTs在扶桑绵粉蚧解毒过程可能起重要作用。研究结果为扶桑绵粉蚧化学防控药剂选择和抗药性治理提供科学参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley is an important invasive pest, whose control mainly depends on chemical insecticides. In order to select highly effective insecticides for the control of P. solenopsis and to clarify their physiological and biochemical effects, three different chemical types of insecticides (acetamiprid, beta-cypermethrin, and methomyl), which are effective in controlling sucking mouthparts, were selected and analyzed the toxicity of three insecticides against 3rd instar of P. solenopsis nymphs with the immersion method under laboratory conditions. Moreover, we assessed the detoxification enzymes activity [glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs), Carboxylesterase (CarE)], and the energy substances content (soluble proteins, triglycerides, trehalose) of P. solenopsis at LC50, LC30, and LC10. The results showed that acetamiprid had the lowest LC50, followed by beta-cypermethrin and methomyl. Different patterns of GSTs activity under different insecticides. The activity of GSTs was significantly increased when exposed to LC50 of all three candidates. However, the activity of CarE was reduced in varied degree, which inhibited by beta-cypermethrin and methomyl stresses, Lowest activity in methomyl LC30 treatment. The contents of trehalose of P. solenopsis were significantly decreased in all the concentrations when exposed to three candidates, lowest content in acetamiprid LC30 treatment. However, soluble protein content was significantly decreased only in the exposure of beta-cypermethrin and methomyl. At the same concentration, the soluble protein content of acetamiprid treatment was significantly higher than that of beta-cypermethrin and methomyl treatment The triglyceride content in P. solenopsis was slightly increased by low concentrations of methomyl, whereas the triglyceride content was slightly decreased by beta-cypermethrin and acetamiprid stresses. It indicated that P. solenopsis are more sensitive to acetamiprid and consume a large amount of energy to survive when exposed to insecticides, and GSTs may play an important role in the detoxification process of P. solenopsis. Our results provide a theoretical basis for the rational selection of insecticides and the study of resistance mechanism in the intergrated pest management of P. solenopsis. |
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