| 郎小妮，于展姿，吴宜亭，胡雅铭，钟岚岚，孙勤哲，刘磊，宋丽雯，刘欢，王森山,2026,不同玉米品种对玉米蚜的抗性评价[J].环境昆虫学报,(3):942-952 |
| 不同玉米品种对玉米蚜的抗性评价 |
| Evaluation of resistance in different maize varieties to the corn leaf aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch) |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 玉米蚜 玉米品种 蚜量比值法 种群生命表 抗蚜性 |
| 英文关键词:Rhopalosiphum maidis maize varieties aphid density ratio method population life table aphid resistance |
| 基金项目:甘肃省教育厅高校教师创新基金项目（2024A-057）；甘肃农业大学公招博士科研启动基金项目（GAU-KYQD-2023-19） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】玉米蚜Rhopalosiphum maidis是为害玉米的重要刺吸式害虫，其种群数量与寄主抗性水平密切相关。为筛选抗蚜玉米种质，本研究对14个不同玉米品种的抗性表现及不同抗性水平的玉米对玉米蚜种群发展的影响进行了研究。【方法】本研究通过蚜量比值法，在室内对14个玉米品种进行了苗期抗性评价；根据初步抗性分级结果，进一步选取高抗品种陇研588、感蚜品种秋庆1号及高感品种金凯10号构建了玉米蚜种群生命表。【结果】结果表明，抗性品种能显著抑制玉米蚜的种群增长，具体表现为在抗性品种陇研588上1龄若蚜仅存活约1 d，而在秋庆1号和金凯10号上约2 d；此外，有翅蚜的分化率也下降，而在感虫品种上则呈相反的趋势。抗性评价结果显示，陇研588、科玉188、华牧3号、金凯7172和金凯3号均达到高抗水平；农大108为抗蚜品种；雅玉26号属中抗品种；鸿泰66、金源早247和秋庆1号属于感虫品种；秋庆88、雅玉8号、鸿泰826和金凯10号属高感品种。生命表分析表明，玉米蚜各虫态及世代历期在品种间差异显著，高抗品种陇研588能显著抑制若蚜发育，导致玉米蚜在其上的全世代历期仅1 d，显著短于在感蚜品种秋庆1号上的8.57 d和高感品种金凯10号上的7.82 d。【结论】陇研588对玉米蚜具有显著抗性，因此可作为抗蚜种质资源，用于后续品种选育及抗性机制的解析。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Aim】The corn leaf aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch), is a major piercing-sucking pest of maize, and its population dynamics are closely related to the level of host plant resistance. To screen for aphid-resistant maize germplasm, this study evaluated the resistance performance of 14 maize varieties and investigated the impact of maize with varying resistance levels on the population development of R. maidis. 【Methods】Using the aphid density ratio method, the seedling-stage resistance of 14 maize varieties was evaluated under controlled laboratory conditions. Based on preliminary resistance ratings, representative varieties—a highly resistant variety (Longyan 588), a susceptible variety (Qiuqing 1), and a highly susceptible variety (Jinkai 10)—were selected to construct life tables for R. maidis.【Results】The results showed that resistant varieties significantly suppressed aphid population growth. Specifically, first-instar nymphs survived for only about one day on the resistant variety Longyan 588, compared to approximately 2 days on Qiuqing 1 and Jinkai 10. Furthermore, the differentiation rate of alate aphids decreased on resistant plants, whereas the opposite trend was observed on susceptible varieties. The resistance evaluation identified Longyan 588, Keyu 188, Huamu 3, Jinkai 7172, and Jinkai 3 as highly resistant; Nongda 108 as resistant; Yayu 26 as moderately resistant; Hongtai 66, Jinyuanzao 247, and Qiuqing 1 as susceptible; and Qiuqing 88, Yayu 8, Hongtai 826, and Jinkai 10 as highly susceptible. Life table analysis confirmed significant differences in the duration of each life stage and the total generation time among varieties. The highly resistant variety Longyan 588 significantly inhibited nymphal development, resulting in a total generation time of only one day on this variety, which was significantly shorter than the 8.57 days on the susceptible variety Qiuqing 1 and the 7.82 days on the highly susceptible variety Jinkai 10. 【Conclusion】Longyan 588 exhibits significant resistance to R. maidis and can therefore serve as a valuable aphid-resistant germplasm resource for subsequent breeding programs and research into resistance mechanisms. |
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