| 杨浩域，李志强，曾文慧，于海丽,2026,白蚁防治剂及其纳米生物制剂的应用现状[J].环境昆虫学报,(3):756-770 |
| 白蚁防治剂及其纳米生物制剂的应用现状 |
| Application status of termite control agents and their Nano-bioagents |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 白蚁 纳米技术 害虫防治 白蚁杀虫剂 纳米农药 |
| 英文关键词:Termites nano-technology pest control termiticides nano biopesticide |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年项目（32101536）；广州市科技计划重点项目（201904020002） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 白蚁是一类全球性重要害虫，对房屋建筑、水利工程、农林生产造成严重的危害。目前，化学防治仍是白蚁防治的主导手段。在全球的主要市场中，白蚁防治剂以化学合成成分为主（占比超90%），其中菊酯类（约46%）和新烟碱类（约20%）是最主要的有效成分；在剂型结构上，以水为介质的环保型悬浮剂（占比超40%）已成为主流。随着环保要求的不断提高，现代化学防治正向减量增效的绿色防控方向发展。相比之下，传统的生物源防治药剂虽具生态安全性，但受限于持效期短、稳定性差等问题，目前商业化程度较低。与此同时，纳米技术凭借其在改善药物稳定性、增强靶向递送与智能缓释等方面的显著优势，正成为白蚁防治新技术应用的重要发展方向。本文系统梳理了全球主要市场白蚁防治剂的登记现状，探讨了纳米技术在小分子、核酸及蛋白等生物源杀虫剂中的应用进展，并对白蚁纳米防治剂的田间转化挑战及未来应用前景进行了展望，以期为研发更高效、绿色的白蚁防治策略提供科学参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Termites are significant global pests, inflicting severe damage on buildings, hydraulic structures, and agriculture and forestry. Currently, chemical control remains the dominant method for termite management. In major global markets, termiticides are predominantly composed of synthetic chemicals (accounting for over 90%), with pyrethroids (approx. 46%) and neonicotinoids (approx. 20%) being the primary active ingredients. Regarding formulation types, eco-friendly, water-based suspension concentrates (exceeding 40%) have become the mainstream. With increasingly stringent environmental regulations, modern chemical control is shifting toward green pest management strategies that emphasize reduced application rates and enhanced efficacy. In contrast, although conventional bio-derived control agents offer ecological safety, their commercial adoption remains limited due to constraints such as short residual efficacy and poor stability. Meanwhile, nanotechnology has emerged as a promising avenue for termite control innovation, leveraging its distinctive advantages in enhancing drug stability, improving targeted delivery, and enabling intelligent sustained release. This review systematically surveys the registration status of termiticides across major global markets, examines recent advances in nanotechnology applications for bio-derived insecticides including small molecules, nucleic acids, and proteins, and provides a forward-looking perspective on the field-translation challenges and future prospects of nano-enabled termite control agents, with the aim of offering scientific insights for the development of more efficient and environmentally sustainable termite management strategies. |
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