| 刘宇琦，蒋露，龚智勇，杨沆鑫，李军，李超,2026,钠离子对球孢白僵菌致死红火蚁的增效作用研究[J].环境昆虫学报,(2):589-598 |
| 钠离子对球孢白僵菌致死红火蚁的增效作用研究 |
| Synergistic effect of sodium ions on the virulence of Beauveria bassiana against Solenopsis invicta |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 红火蚁 球孢白僵菌 金属离子盐 复配防治 毒力增效 生物防治 |
| 英文关键词:Solenopsis invicta Beauveria bassiana metal ion salts compound prevention and control virulence enhancement biocontrol |
| 基金项目:广东省科技计划项目（2024B1212050005）；深圳市野生动植物保护管理处合作项目（深动植保合同【2024】7号） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】针对球孢白僵菌Beauveria bassiana在红火蚁Solenopsis invicta生物防治中存在杀虫速度慢、效果不稳定的问题，探索金属离子盐对其毒力的增效潜力，以发展绿色、低成本的防控策略。【方法】采用室内药剂喷洒法，系统评估6种金属离子盐（NaCl、KCl、CaCl?、MgCl?、(NH?)?SO?、FeCl?）在100 mmol/L与150 mmol/L浓度下与球孢白僵菌（1×10? 孢子/mL）复配对红火蚁工蚁的致死效应；进一步测试同一金属离子盐在不同酸碱条件下对增效作用的影响。【结果】单独施用各金属离子盐对红火蚁无显著致死活性；但与球孢白僵菌联用后，氯化钠表现出显著增效作用，150 mmol/L处理组96 h致死率达97%。经浓度梯度优化，125 mmol/L氯化钠与菌液复配可实现100%致死率，且杀虫速度显著加快——48 h累计死亡率达88.3%。pH调控试验表明，在相同浓度下，中性条件（pH ≈ 7）下的氯化钠增效作用最为显著，96 h死亡率可达100%，显著优于酸性或碱性条件。【结论】氯化钠可有效提升球孢白僵菌对红火蚁的毒力及作用速率，且其增效效果受环境pH显著影响，以中性条件最优；该复配方案简单、易得、成本低，为红火蚁绿色生物防治提供了可行的增效策略，具有实验室筛选、制剂开发及实际应用的参考价值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Aim】To address the limitations of Beauveria bassiana in the biological control of Solenopsis invicta—notably its slow insecticidal action and unstable efficacy—this study investigated the synergistic potential of metal ion salts in enhancing fungal virulence, with the goal of developing a green, low-cost control strategy.【Methods】Using a laboratory-based spray bioassay, we systematically evaluated the lethal effects of six metal ion salts—NaCl, KCl, CaCl?, MgCl?, (NH?)?SO?, and FeCl?—at concentrations of 100 and 150 mmol/L when applied in combination with Beauveria bassiana (1×10? spores/mL) against Solenopsis invicta workers. Furthermore, the influence of pH (under acidic, neutral, and alkaline conditions) on the synergistic efficacy of the same metal ion salt was examined.【Results】None of the metal ion salts exhibited significant insecticidal activity when applied alone. However, when combined with Beauveria bassiana, NaCl demonstrated pronounced synergism, achieving a 97% mortality rate at 150 mmol/L within 96 h. Through concentration gradient optimization, a 125 mmol/L NaCl formulation in combination with the fungal suspension resulted in 100% mortality, with a markedly accelerated kill rate—88.3% cumulative mortality observed within 48 h. Bioassays conducted under different pH conditions revealed that, at this optimal concentration, NaCl exerted the strongest synergistic effect under neutral conditions (pH ≈ 7), achieving 100% mortality within 96 h—significantly higher than under acidic or alkaline conditions.【Conclusion】Sodium chloride effectively enhances both the virulence and killing speed of Beauveria bassiana against Solenopsis invicta, with its synergistic efficacy being highly dependent on environmental pH and peaking under neutral conditions. This simple, readily available, and cost-effective combination presents a viable synergistic strategy for the green biological control of S. invicta and offers significant potential for laboratory screening, biopesticide formulation, and field application. |
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