| 张童，孟繁丽，宗世祥,2026,两个南北不同地理种源的松材线虫对东北地区三种落叶松的致病性差异研究[J].环境昆虫学报,(2):501-510 |
| 两个南北不同地理种源的松材线虫对东北地区三种落叶松的致病性差异研究 |
| Study on the pathogenicity differences of two geographic populations of pine wood nematodes from North and South China on three larch species In Northeast China |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 松材线虫 华北落叶松 长白落叶松 日本落叶松 致病性 生理代谢 |
| 英文关键词:Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Larix principis-rupprechtii Larix olgensis Larix kaempferi pathogenicity physiological metabolism |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2021YFD1400900） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】松材线虫持续北扩西进，严重威胁中国东北地区松林资源，明确松材线虫对东北常见落叶松树种的致病性，对有效阻止松材线虫北扩具有重要意义。【方法】采用人工接种的方法，将采自辽宁抚顺和湖南常德的松材线虫株系分别接种在3年生华北落叶松、长白落叶松和日本落叶松实生苗上，分析松材线虫对3种落叶松的致病性和3种落叶松含水量、针叶叶绿素含量及防御酶活性等相关生理指标的变化。【结果】接种常德虫株的华北落叶松、长白落叶松和日本落叶松在第30天，发病率分别为100%、100%和86.7%，病情指数分别为90、85和82.1；针叶含水量分别为11.46%、35.35%和15.21%；松茎含水量分别为14.26%、16.13%和15.82%。接种抚顺虫株的华北落叶松、长白落叶松和日本落叶松在第30天发病率均为100%，病情指数分别为100、100和96.4；针叶含水量分别为13.96%、9.53%和9.25%；松茎含水量分别为11.53%、12.2%和17.53%。抚顺虫株针对这三种落叶松具有较高的致病性。两个种群松材线虫对3种落叶松针叶叶绿素的影响结果相近，其中华北落叶松在接种后第30天的叶绿素含量最低。此外，接种早期 APX、CAT、PAL、POD和SOD等防御酶活性在3种落叶松均出现明显变化且存在差异，其中接种抚顺松材线虫虫株后，3种落叶松的防御酶活性变化幅度差异较大。【结论】通过将两个地理种群松材线虫接种到3种落叶松上，发现来自抚顺的松材线虫虫株相较常德虫株具有较强的致病性，其中日本落叶松发病时间较晚，华北落叶松更易被松材线虫侵染。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Aim】The continuous expansion of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (pine wood nematode) to the north and west poses a serious threat to the pine forest resources in Northeast China. Clarifying the pathogenicity of B. xylophilus to common larch tree species in this region is of great significance in effectively preventing the northward expansion of B. xylophilus. 【Methods】Using manual inoculation, B. xylophilus strains collected from Fushun (Liaoning Province) and Changde (Hunan Province), were inoculated onto 3-year-old seedlings of Larix principis-rupprechtii, L. olgensis, and L. kaempferi. The pathogenicity of B. xylophilus to three types of larch along with the changes in physiological indicators such as water content, needle chlorophyll content, and defense enzyme activity were analyzed. 【Results】On the 30th day, the incidence rate of L. principis-rupprechtii, L. olgensis and L. kaempferi inoculated with Changde strain were 100%, 100% and 86.7% respectively, and the disease index was 90, 85 and 82.1 respectively. The water contents of needle leaves were 11.46%, 35.35%, and 15.21%, respectively. The water contents of pine stems were 14.26%, 16.13%, and 15.82%, respectively. For the Fushun strain, the incidence rate of L. principis-rupprechtii, L. olgensis and L. kaempferi on the 30th day was all 100%, and the disease indeces were 100, 100 and 96.4 respectively. The water contents of needle leaves were 13.96%, 9.53%, and 9.25%, respectively. The water contents of pine stems were 11.53%, 12.2%, and 17.53%, respectively. The Fushun insect strain exhibited higher pathogenicity against these three types of larch. The effects of two populations of B. xylophilus on the chlorophyll content of three types of larch needles were similar, with L. principis-rupprechtii having the lowest chlorophyll content on the 30th day after inoculation. In addition, defense enzyme activities such as APX, CAT, PAL, POD, and SOD showed significant changes and differences in the early stages of inoculation among the three types of larch, with greater fluctuations observed in response to the Fushun strain.【Conclusion】By inoculating two geographical populations of B. xylophilus onto three types of larch, it was found that the B. xylophilus strain from Fushun demonstrated stronger pathogenicity compared to the Changde strain. Among them, the L. kaempferi had a later onset of disease, while the L. principis-rupprechtii was more susceptible to B. xylophilus infection. |
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