《环境昆虫学报》

植食性昆虫通过取食和产卵诱导的植物挥发物（Herbivore induced plant volatiles，HIPVs）是植物适应性进化产物，对植物抵御害虫至关重要。本文系统综述了植物HIPVs的成分、产生、作用机制及应用前景。HIPVs种类繁多，涵盖萜烯类、绿叶挥发物、芳香族化合物等，具有独特的合成路径。昆虫诱导植物释放HIPVs的机制多样，如取食和产卵分泌物中的激发子或微生物，以及取食、产卵行为引发的叶片损伤和卵沉积。植物则借助细胞膜受体识别入侵，以激活防御早期信号与激素传递，上调防御基因并最终合成HIPVs。这些挥发物在直接防御中充当毒素抵御昆虫，在间接防御中招募天敌并诱导其他植物防御反应。总之，目前对于HIPVs的诱导和防御功能研究较深入，未来需要利用基因编辑等生物技术推动作物抗虫育种，并结合其他绿色防控措施促进田间应用。

英文摘要:

Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs), elicited by insect feeding and oviposition, represent evolutionary adaptations in plants that mediate ecological defenses against insect. Here, we systematically review the components, production, induction mechanism, and application prospects of HIPVs. HIPVs comprise a wide variety of compounds, including terpenoids, green leaf volatiles, and aromatic compounds, which are synthesized via unique biosynthetic pathways. The mechanisms by which insects trigger plants to release HIPVs are varied, such as elicitors or microbes in feeding and oviposition secretions, as well as the related leaf damage and egg deposition. Plants recognize invasions through cell membrane receptors, activate early defense signals and phytohormone transmission, upregulate defense-related genes, and ultimately synthesize HIPVs. These volatiles act as toxins against pests in direct defense, while recruit natural enemies and prime defense responses in neighboring plants in indirect defense. Collectively, while significant progress has been made in basic research related to induced defense mechanisms of plant volatiles, future studies should take advantage of biotechnologies like gene-editing technologies to promote insect-resistant plant breeding, and integrate other green control measures for field applications.

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