《环境昆虫学报》

【目的】为探讨生物药剂在防治荔枝Litchi chinensis Sonn.产业重要害虫—荔枝蒂蛀虫Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley中的应用可行性，以期替代化学农药、减少荔枝农药残留问题。【方法】本研究通过室内毒力试验，评估了5种生物农药—鱼藤酮、苦参碱、肉桂醛、多杀菌素和乙基多杀菌素—对荔枝蒂蛀虫成虫和卵的毒力。【结果】结果表明，肉桂醛、多杀菌素和乙基多杀菌素对成虫的毒性最强，在48 h后，三者的校正死亡率均达100%；鱼藤酮虽起效较慢，但在72 h后，校正死亡率也接近100%；而苦参碱的致死作用则最弱。在对卵的抑制试验中，肉桂醛的校正孵化抑制率最高（84.00 ± 4.00）%，显著高于苦参碱（（32.00 ± 8.00）%，P < 0.05），但与乙基多杀菌素（76.00 ± 6.93）%、多杀菌素（60.00 ± 8.00）%和鱼藤酮（52.00 ± 18.33）%相比，肉桂醛的效果无显著差异（P < 0.05）。毒力回归分析结果表明，肉桂醛对成虫的LC50值最低（0.060 mg/L），显示出最强的毒力；其次是多杀菌素（LC50 = 19.570 mg/L）和乙基多杀菌素（LC50 = 24.119 mg/L）。对卵的孵化抑制率测试中，肉桂醛的LC50值最低（= 0.045 mg/L），显著低于多杀菌素（30.867 mg/L）和乙基多杀菌素（12.406 mg/L）。【结论】肉桂醛对荔枝蒂蛀虫成虫和卵均表现出显著生物活性，可作为防控该害虫的首选生物药剂，而多杀菌素和乙基多杀菌素则可作为有效的替代选择。本研究结果为推进荔枝蒂蛀虫绿色防控及荔枝产业可持续发展提供了重要的药剂选择与科学依据。

英文摘要:

【Aim】This study aimed to explore the feasibility of using biopesticides to control Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley, a major pest of Litchi chinensis Sonn., as an alternative to chemical pesticides, addressing issues related to pesticide residues in the litchi industry.【Methods】Laboratory toxicity assays were conducted to evaluate the insecticidal activity of five biopesticides—rotenone, matrine, cinnamaldehyde, spinosad, and spinetoram—against both adult and egg stages of C. sinensis.【Results】The results showed that cinnamaldehyde, spinosad, and spinetoram exhibited the highest efficacy, achieving 100% corrected mortality of adults within 48 hours. Although rotenone exhibited a slower onset of action, its corrected mortality rate also approached 100% after 72 hours. Matrine exhibited the weakest toxicity. In egg hatching inhibition assays, cinnamaldehyde demonstrated the highest corrected hatching inhibition rate (84.00 ± 4.00)%, significantly higher than matrine ((32.00 ± 8.00)%, P < 0.05). However, cinnamaldehyde's efficacy was not significantly different (P < 0.05) from spinetoram (76.00 ± 6.93)%, spinosad (60.00 ± 8.00)%, or rotenone (52.00 ± 18.33)%. Toxicity regression analysis further validated that cinnamaldehyde had the lowest LC50 value (0.060 mg/L) for adults, indicating the highest toxicity. Spinosad (LC50 = 19.570 mg/L) and spinetoram (LC50 = 24.119 mg/L) followed. Cinnamaldehyde also showedthe highest toxicity for egg hatching inhibition, with the lowest LC?? value (0.045 mg/L), significantly lower than those of spinosad (30.867 mg/L) and spinetoram (12.406 mg/L).【Conclusion】Overall, cinnamaldehyde demonstrated high toxicity against both life stages of C. sinensis, supporting its use as a preferred biopesticide, with spinosad and spinetoram serving as effective alternatives. These findings provide a scientific basis for environmentally friendly management of C. sinensis and contribute to sustainable litchi production.

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