《环境昆虫学报》

鞘翅目（甲虫）作为昆虫纲物种最丰富的目，在生物多样性、害虫控制、生物防治资源利用等方面具有重要的研究意义，而精准的物种鉴定是这些研究的必要基础。DNA条形码技术通过获取、分析标准化的DNA序列（主要是细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I基因，COI），能够对物种进行快速、准确地鉴定。本文通过回顾相关文献，系统综述了鞘翅目昆虫的DNA条形码研究，详细描述了所使用的DNA条形码类型，并探讨了测序技术发展对DNA条形码技术及其分析方法的影响。本文总结了DNA条形码在鞘翅目昆虫鉴定、系统发育、生物多样性监测和食物网中的应用，并探讨了影响DNA条形码准确性的潜在因素，包括线粒体异质性、假基因、沃尔巴克氏菌和基因渐渗的干扰效应。本文展望了鞘翅目昆虫DNA条形码的未来研究方向，包括扩充DNA条形码数据库，重新评估与修正物种分类地位，推进全基因组测序与整合分类学的发展等，以期为鞘翅目害虫防控和资源利用、生物多样性保护和生态系统管理提供参考。

英文摘要:

Coleoptera (commonly known as beetles), the most species-rich order of Insecta, plays an important role in biodiversity assessment, pest management, and biological control. Accurate species identification serves as a fundamental basis for these studies. DNA barcoding, which is primarily based on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, enables the rapid and reliable identification of species through the analysis of standardized DNA sequences. This review provides a comprehensive summary of DNA barcoding research in Coleoptera, including barcode types and the impact of advances in sequencing technologies on barcoding methods and analytical strategies. It further summarizes applications of DNA barcoding in coleopteran taxonomy, phylogeny, biodiversity assessment, and food web analysis. Moreover, this review discusses potential factors that may affect its accuracy, such as mitochondrial heteroplasmy, nuclear mitochondrial pseudogenes, Wolbachia infection, and introgression. This review highlights future research directions, including expanding DNA barcode reference libraries, re-evaluating species taxonomic status, and promoting the integration of whole-genome sequencing with integrative taxonomy, with the goal of supporting pest management, resource utilization, biodiversity conservation, and ecosystem monitoring in Coleoptera.

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