| 岳 阳，蒋杰贤，张彤瑶，季香云，张 浩,2025,不同玉米品种对草地贪夜蛾生长发育和淡足侧沟茧蜂寄生的影响[J].环境昆虫学报,47(3):671-680 |
| 不同玉米品种对草地贪夜蛾生长发育和淡足侧沟茧蜂寄生的影响 |
| Effects of different maize varieties on the growth and development of Spodoptera frugiperda and the parasitization of Microplitis pallidipes |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 草地贪夜蛾 玉米品种 生物防治 寄生蜂 生长发育 |
| 英文关键词:Spodoptera frugiperda maize variety biological control parasitic wasp growth and development |
| 基金项目:上海市科技创新行动计划农业科技领域项目（23N41900200）；国家自然科学青年基金（32001969）；上海市农业科学院卓越团队建设项目（2022-017） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究取食不同品种的玉米对草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda生长发育、繁殖，以及对淡足侧沟茧蜂Microplitis pallidipes寄生草地贪夜蛾的影响，本研究测定了取食3个鲜食玉米品种（申科甜糯99、申科糯602、申科甜811）、1个普通玉米品种（郑单958）和人工饲料对草地贪夜蛾发育历期、卵粒数、卵孵化率、成虫寿命等生理指标的影响，统计了淡足侧沟茧蜂对取食不同品种玉米的草地贪夜蛾的寄生率、出茧率、出蜂率等指标。结果显示：取食不同品种玉米和饲料能够显著影响草地贪夜蛾成虫的产卵粒数、成虫寿命，以及幼虫的存活率和发育历期（P<0.05）。取食3个鲜食玉米品种的草地贪夜蛾产卵更多，幼虫存活率更高，发育历期更短。其中取食申科糯602的草地贪夜蛾成虫产卵粒数最多（1 420.78粒），幼虫存活率最高（82.33%），幼虫发育历期也最短（15.77 d）。淡足侧沟茧蜂对取食不同品种玉米和饲料的草地贪夜蛾幼虫的寄生率和出茧率均存在显著差异（P<0.05）。其中，对取食普通玉米的草地贪夜蛾幼虫的寄生率（64.18%）高于3个鲜食玉米品种的寄生率（48.78~54.75%），而取食人工饲料的草地贪夜蛾幼虫的寄生率最低（39.41%）。出茧率较高的为取食人工饲料和普通玉米的草地贪夜蛾幼虫（分别为74.80%和72.53%），取食鲜食玉米的较低（48.39~55.49%）。以上结果表明了草地贪夜蛾在鲜食玉米上生长发育相对更好、繁殖能力也更强。淡足侧沟茧蜂对取食普通玉米的草地贪夜蛾的寄生效果比取食鲜食玉米的夜蛾幼虫效果好，因此在鲜食玉米种植区利用淡足侧沟茧蜂防控草地贪夜蛾时，应适当提高该寄生蜂的释放量或者释放次数，以保证其防治效果。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the effects of feeding on different maize varieties on the growth, development, and reproduction of Spodoptera frugiperda, and on the parasitism of Microplitis pallidipes to S. frugiperda, effects of feeding on three varieties of fresh maize (Shenketiannuo 99, Shenkenuo 602, Shengketian 811), a common maize variety (Zhengdan 958) and artificial diet on the developmental duration, egg number, hatchability, and adult longevity of S. frugiperda were assessed. The indicators such as parasitism rate, cocoon and bee emergence rates of M. pallidipes to S. frugiperda feeding on different varieties of corn were statistically analyzed. The findings indicated that the number of eggs laid, the adult longevity, and the survival rate and developmental duration of S. frugiperda larvae were significantly influenced by a diet consisting of various corn varieties and artificial diet (P<0.05). Generally, S. frugiperda feeding on fresh corn of 3 varieties exhibited a greater egg-laying capacity, an increased survival rate of larvae, and a reduced development duration. Among them, the adult S. frugiperda that feeding on Shenshennuo 602 had the largest number of eggs (1 420.78), the highest larval survival rate (82.33%), and the shortest larval development period (15.77 days). There were significant differences observed in the parasitism rate and cocoon emergence rate of M. pallidipes to S. frugiperda larvae feeding on different maize varieties and artificial diet (P<0.05). Specifically, the parasitism rate of M. pallidipes to S. frugiperda feeding on common corn (64.18%) was higher than that of three fresh corn varieties (48.78%~54.75%), and the parasitism rate of M. pallidipes to S. frugiperda feeding on artificial diet was the lowest (39.41%). The higher cocoon emergence rate of M. pallidipes was found in the parasitized S. frugiperda feeding on artificial diet and common corn (74.80% and 72.53%), while it was lower in those feeding on fresh corn (48.39%~55.49%). These results indicated S. frugiperda feeding on fresh corn had better growth and reproduction ability. The parasitic effect of M. pallidipes on S. frugiperda feeding on common corn was better than those S. frugiperda larvae feeding on fresh corn. Therefore, when the parasitoid M. pallidipes is used to control S. frugiperda in the fresh corn planting area, the release quantity or release times of the parasitoid should be appropriately increased to ensure the control effect. |
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