《环境昆虫学报》

随着棉大卷叶螟Haritalodes derogata在部分地区危害有加重趋势，为有效提高对其野外识别和预测预报的准确性，本研究开展了不同发育阶段虫体的形态特征及其生物学特性初步观察。结果表明，棉大卷叶螟卵为扁椭圆形，卵长0.74 mm、卵宽0.52 mm，卵期3.21 d，卵壳有网纹结构，卵孵化率94.36%。幼虫共5龄，周身具稀疏刚毛，吐丝缀叶为害，幼虫期24.52 d，初孵幼虫体黄白色，随着虫体生长发育，颜色渐变为嫩绿色、深绿色、灰绿色、桃红色。蛹细长纺锤形，初始体色为透明淡黄绿色，渐变为红褐色、黑褐色，腹部第4腹节气门较大，尾钩7~8根，蛹长宽为13.89 mm × 3.47 mm，初始蛹重81.64 mg，羽化前1日的蛹重较初始蛹重仅减少1.69%，蛹期9.74 d。成虫的羽化主要集中于暗期23:00 - 05:00时间段，成虫触角丝状，体淡黄色，前翅中室前缘具“OR”形褐斑，成虫重33.34 mg，蛹壳重17.31 mg，（成虫重+蛹壳重）较初始蛹重减少37.90%，成虫体长12.67 mm，产卵前期3.28 d，产卵期15.33 d，单雌产卵量可达761.37粒，成虫寿命22.03 d。棉大卷叶螟产卵量大，卵孵化率高，在福建泉州地区具有大暴发危害可能，有关部门应加强对该虫的预测预报工作。本研究对棉大卷叶螟各龄期形态特征和生物学特性的详细描述，可为基层害虫测报人员和广大科技工作者快速、准确识别该虫提供参考依据，为该虫的野外调查、虫情监测和预测预报提供基础资料。

英文摘要:

With the increasing damage caused by the cotton leaf roller, Haritalodes derogata, in some regions, this study preliminarily investigated the morphological and biological characteristics of this insect at different developmental stages. The aim was to improve the accuracy of field identification, prediction, and forecasting. The results showed that the eggs of H. derogata are flat and oval-shaped, with a length of 0.74 mm and a width of 0.52 mm. The egg stage lasts for 3.21 days. The egg had a reticulated shell, and the hatching rate was 94.36%. The larvae go through five instars, are covered with sparse bristles, and produce silk to curl leaves, causing damage. The larval stage lasts for 24.52 days. Newly hatched larvae were yellowish-white in color, gradually changing to light green, dark green, gray green, and peach pink as they grow and develop. The pupae were slender and spindle-shaped, initially transparent with a pale yellowish-green hue, gradually changing to reddish-brown and black-brown. The fourth abdominal spiracle was the largest, and there are 7-8 caudal hooks. The pupae measure 13.89 mm in length and 3.47 mm in width, with an initial pupal weight of 81.64 mg. The weight of pupa on the day before emergence decreases by only 1.69% compared to its initial weight. The pupal stage lasts for 9.74 days. Adult emergence mainly occurs during the dark period from 23:00 to 05:00. The adult antennae were filamentous, and the body was light yellow. The leading edge of the middle cell of the forewing had "OR"-shaped brown spots. The weights of the adult and the pupal exuviae were 33.34 mg and 17.31 mg respectively, and the total weight of both combined was 37.90% less than the initial pupal weight. The adult body length was 12.67 mm, with a pre-oviposition period of 3.28 days and an oviposition period of 15.33 days. A single female can lay up to 761.37 eggs, and the adult lifespan was 22.03 days. H. derogata exhibited high egg production and a high hatching rate, posing a potential risk of outbreak in Quanzhou, Fujian Province. Therefore, relevant departments should strengthen the forecasting and warning of this pest. This paper provides a detailed description of the morphological and biological characteristics of H. derogata at different instars. It serve as a reference for rapid and accurate identification by grassroots pest forecasters and scientists, and provide basic information for field surveys, monitoring, and forecasting of this pest.

查看全文查看/发表评论下载PDF阅读器

关闭