| 张方平，朱俊洪，郭 晶，叶政培，陈俊谕，王建赟，符悦冠,2025,日本食蚧蚜小蜂过寄生的影响因子及过寄生对其子代的影响[J].环境昆虫学报,(1):306-314 |
| 日本食蚧蚜小蜂过寄生的影响因子及过寄生对其子代的影响 |
| Impact factors of superparasitism by Coccophagus japonicus and its effects on the offspring |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 日本食蚧蚜小蜂 过寄生 发育 繁殖 |
| 英文关键词:Coccophagus japonicus superparasitism development reproduction |
| 基金项目:海南省重点研发项目（ZDYF2023XDNY085）；海南省科技人才创新项目“热带经济作物重大病虫害灾变机制与全程绿色防控技术体系创建”（KJRC2023B18）；国家现代农业产业技术体系项目（CARS-33-GW-BC2）；海南省自然科学基金项目（321RC623，321RC458） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了明确影响日本食蚧蚜小蜂Coccophagus japonicus过寄生的因子及其对发育与繁殖的影响，在不同接蜂比例、雌蜂驻留时间、接蜂间隔时间及寄主龄期条件下观察了日本食蚧蚜小蜂的过寄生情况，并观察了该蜂在高过寄生率（蜂蚧比为1∶5）条件下，以橡副珠蜡蚧Parasaissetia nigra 2龄若虫、3龄若虫、1~2日龄成虫（初期成虫）和10~11日龄成虫（褐色期成虫）为寄主时的发育历期、寿命、出蜂量及雌蜂体长。结果表明，接蜂比例、雌蜂驻留时间、接蜂间隔时间及寄主龄期均是日本食蚧蚜小蜂发生过寄生的重要影响因子，日本食蚧蚜小蜂过寄生率随接蜂比例下降而降低，蜂蚧比为1∶5时过寄生率最高（91.03%），1∶30时过寄生比例最低（11.61%）；接蜂间隔时间为6 d时其过寄生率最高，为57.72%；雌蜂驻留时间在0~48 h范围内，过寄生率随驻留时间增加而上升，驻留时间48 h时最高（30.41%）；寄主龄期对该蜂的过寄生率影响明显，以寄主为3龄若虫时最高（54.40%）。与对照相比，过寄生时的日本食蚧蚜小蜂发育历期延长，成虫寿命缩短，身体较小，出蜂量多。高过寄生率条件下，寄主为橡副珠蜡蚧2龄若虫时，日本食蚧蚜小蜂发育历期短于对照；寄主为橡副珠蜡蚧初期成虫时，日本食蚧蚜小蜂出蜂数少于对照。综上，接蜂比例、接蜂时间、两次接蜂的间隔时间、寄主龄期等是日本食蚧蚜小蜂发生过寄生的重要影响因子；发生过寄生后，日本食蚧蚜小蜂的发育历期延长、品质下降，但从寄主中获得的后代概率略有提高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study aims to clarify the factors influencing the superparasitism by parasitoid wasp, Coccophagus japonicus and its impact on the development and reproduction. The observations were conducted under various indoor conditions of different parasitoid densities, female residence time, intervals between wasp releases and host stages. Also, the development, longevity, adult emergence and body length of the female wasps were assessed under high superparasitism condition (1 parasitoid: 5 scales) at four different stages of host, Parasaissetia nigra, including the 2nd and 3rd instar nymphs, 1-2-day-old adults (initial adults) and 10-11-day-old adults (brown adults).The result showed that parasitoid density, female residence time, interval between wasp releases and host stage all were factors influencing the superparasitism of C. japonicus. The superparasitism rate of C. japonicus decreased with the decrease of parasitoid density. The highest superparasitism rate (91.03%) was found when the wasp-host ratio was 1 : 5, and the lowest superparasitism rate (11.61%) was found when the wasp-host ratio was 1 : 30. When the interval between wasp releases was 6 days, the superparasitism rate was the highest (57.72%). When the female residence time of C. japonicus was in the range of 0~48 h, superparasitism rate increased with residence time increasing, and the superparasitism rate was the highest (30.41%) at 48 h . The effect of host stage was also observed, and the highest superparasitism rate (54.40%) was found when using 3rd instar nymphs P. nigra as hosts. In general, compared with the control group, C. japonicus during superparasitism had longer developmental time, shorter longevities, shorter body lengths and more adult emergence.?Ecpecting that under high superparasitism rate, when the host was the 2nd instar nymphs of P. nigra, the development period of C. japonicus was shorter than that of the control group, and when the host was the initial adult of P. nigra, the number of adult emergence was less than that of the control group. Therefore, the study showed that the parasitoid density, female residence time, interval between wasp releases and host stage were important factors influencing the superparasitism by C. japonicus. Superparasitism led to extended development periods and reduced quality of C. japonicus, although the probability of obtaining offspring from the host was slightly increased. |
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