《环境昆虫学报》

暗色粉蚧Pseudococcus viburni是落叶果树的重要多食性害虫，对苹果、梨、葡萄等重要水果的潜在危害风险高。暗色粉蚧在全球多个国家内发生，造成严重的经济损失，目前对我国云南少数地区已有入侵报道。本研究目的旨在对暗色粉蚧的潜在地理分布区进行识别，为该有害生物的风险评估及管理提供数据支持。基于暗色粉蚧的46个有效分布记录和19个生物环境因子，利用MaxEnt模型和ArcGIS软件对暗色粉蚧在全球以及我国在目前及20年后的潜在地理分布区进行识别，同时利用综合环境变量贡献率和刀切法检验评估影响其地理分布的主要环境因子。研究结果显示影响暗色粉蚧地理分布的主要环境因子有最冷月最低温（bio6）、最热季平均温度（bio10）、温度年较差（bio7）。暗色粉蚧在全球的潜在分布区主要包括北美洲太平洋沿岸、南美洲南部、欧洲西部及地中海沿岸、非洲南部、澳洲东南及以我国南部为主的亚洲南部。在我国的潜在分布区主要集中在江淮流域、长江中下游地区、华南及西南等地。未来20年，暗色粉蚧在全球的适生区范围在原有的基础上大幅增加，在我国的适生面积由目前占陆地总面积的23.46%增长到28.44%。暗色粉蚧在我国云南等少数地区已有入侵记录，在我国存在定殖、扩散风险，对我国现有的防疫管理有潜在威胁。建议农林、口岸等疫情管理部门加强调查、检疫和监控，严防暗色粉蚧对我国农林产业造成危害。

英文摘要:

The obscure mealybug, Pseudococcus viburni, is an important polyphagous pest of deciduous fruit trees with a high risk of potential damage to important fruits such as apples, pears and grapes. The obscure mealybug occurs in several countries around the world, causing serious economic losses, and has been reported to be invasive in Yunnan of China. This study aims to model the potential geographic distribution areas of P. viburni. Based on 46 effective distribution records and 19 bio-environmental factors, the potential geographic distribution areas of P. viburni, at present and 20 years later, were identified by the MaxEnt model and ArcGIS. The major environmental factors affecting the geographic distribution were evaluated by the contribution rate of the integrated environmental variables and the jackknife test. The potential distribution areas of dark-colored mealybugs globally mainly included. The results showed that the main environmental factors affecting the geographic distribution of P. viburni were the minimum temperature of coldest month (bio6), the mean temperature of warmest quarter (bio10), and the annual range of temperature (bio7). The potential global distribution areas of P. viburni mainly include the Pacific coast of North America, the southern part of South America, the western part of Europe and the Mediterranean coast, the southern part of Africa, the southeastern part of Australia, and the southern part of Asia, mainly the southern part of China. In China, the potential distribution areas are mainly concentrated in the Jianghuai Basin, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, South China and Southwest China. After 20 years, the global range of P. viburni has increased significantly on the basis of the original, and the range in China will increase from 23.46% to 28.44% of the total land area. The obscure mealybugs have invaded into Yunnan, and have risks of colonization and proliferation in China, which is a potential threat to the existing epidemic prevention and management in China. It is recommended that the epidemic management departments of agriculture, forestry and ports should strengthen the investigation, quarantine and monitoring to prevent P. viburni from causing harm to China's agriculture and forestry industries.

查看全文查看/发表评论下载PDF阅读器

关闭