《环境昆虫学报》

为掌握广西地区柑橘木虱Diaphorina citri发生规律及其抗药性水平，本研究结合气象数据，定点调查桂北、桂中、桂南地区木虱种群全年消长情况，并采用“浸叶法+药膜法”相结合的方法，检测不同地区木虱成虫对常规药剂的抗性水平。调查结果显示，桂北和桂中地区4-11月为木虱主要发生期，月平均温度在18.7~29.6℃之间，种群数量为128~643头/百梢；桂南地区3-11月为木虱主要发生期，月平均温度在20.7~29℃之间，种群数量为136~860头/百梢。三地木虱种群数量与温度呈正相关，种群增长拐点温度均在19℃左右，全年均有3个木虱发生高峰期，其中，桂北和桂中高峰期在5、8、9月，桂南高峰期在4、7、8月，较桂北、桂中地区提前1个月。降雨与木虱种群数量相关性分析显示，木虱主要发生期间，月降雨量在0~25 mm（干旱）、25~100 mm（湿润）、＞100 mm（潮湿）三个不同等级时，桂北木虱种群数量分别为258头/百梢、344头/百梢、295头/百梢，桂中分别为219头/百梢、404头/百梢、311头/百梢，桂南分别为244头/百梢、435头/百梢、355头/百梢，三地木虱种群数量均呈现为湿润月份＞潮湿月份＞干旱月份的趋势，但相关性不显著。抗药性测定结果显示，桂北、桂南木虱种群对吡虫啉抗性倍数分别为38.80、21.47，属中抗，桂中为94.51，属高抗；桂北、中、南三地木虱种群对噻虫嗪抗性倍数分别为4.04、3.91、1.64，均为敏感；桂北、桂中木虱种群对毒死蜱抗性倍数分别为48.09、50.79，属高抗，桂南为14.25，属中抗；桂中、桂南木虱种群对高效氯氰菊酯抗性倍数分别为70.71、60.48，属高抗，桂北为17.25，属中抗。综上，建议田间轮换使用低抗药剂，并在木虱主要发生期前控制种群数量。

英文摘要:

To analyze the occurrence patterns and resistance levels of citrus psyllids in Guangxi, this study integrated meteorological data to examine the annual fluctuations of psyllid populations in different regions of Guangxi. The resistance of adult psyllids to conventional pesticides in various areas was assessed using a combination of bioassays, including the “leaf dipping method” and the “drug film method”. The survey results revealed that psyllids were mainly present in northern Guangxi and central Guangxi from April to November, with average monthly temperatures ranging from 18.7 to 29.6°C. During this period, the population density ranges from 128 to 643 individuals per 100 shoots. In southern Guangxi, psyllids were predominantly observed from March to November, with average monthly temperatures between 20.7 and 29°C, and a population size of 136 to 860 individuals per 100 shoots. And the main occurrence period of Psyllid was from March to November in south, with the average monthly temperature ranging from 20.7℃ to 29℃, and the population ranged from 136~860 head/100 shoots. The population size of psyllids in the three regions were positively correlated with temperature, with an inflection point temperature of around 19°C for population growth. Throughout the year, there were three peak periods of psyllid occurrence. In northern Guangxi and central Guangxi, the peak periods were in May, August, and September. In southern Guangxi, the peak period was in April, July, and August, one month earlier than in the other two regions. Correlation analysis between rainfall and psyllid populations showed that when the monthly rainfall was 0~25 mm (Dry), 25~100 mm (Wet) and > 100 mm (Damp), the population numbers were 258, 344 and 295 head/100 shoots in north, 219, 404 and 311 head/100 shoots in central, and 244, 435 and 355 head/100 shoots in south. The population of Psyllid in the three regions showed the trend of Wet month >Damp month > Dry month. The results showed that the resistance ratios of the northern and southern psyllid populations to imidacloprid were 38.80 and 21.47 respectively, indicating medium resistance, while that of the central population was 94.51, indicating high resistance. The resistance multiples to thiamethoxam in the three regions were 4.04, 3.91 and 1.64, respectively, indicating sensitive. The resistance ratios of northern and central Psyllid to chlorpyrifos were 48.09 and 50.79, respectively, with high resistance, and the south were 14.25, indicating medium resistance. The resistance to cypermethrin in central and southern Guangxi psyllid populations were 70.71 and 60.48 respectively, with high resistance, and the north was 17.25, indicating medium resistance. In conclusion, it is recommended to rotate the application of low-resistant insecticides in the field and control the population as early as possible before the main occurrence period of psyllids.

查看全文查看/发表评论下载PDF阅读器

关闭