| 康泽泓，朱展鹏，蔺良杰，吴洪鑫，李 昂，陆永跃，金丰良，许小霞,,红火蚁SiMLs免疫响应不同病原物的表达模式分析[J].环境昆虫学报,(): |
| 红火蚁SiMLs免疫响应不同病原物的表达模式分析 |
| Analysis of expression patterns of SiMLs in Solenopsis invicta in immune response to different pathogens |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: ML家族成员 红火蚁 病原物 表达模式 免疫反应 |
| 英文关键词:ML family members Solenopsis invicta pathogens expression profile immune responses |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 相关脂质识别蛋白由一类具有ML（Myeloid differentiation factor-2 related lipid recognition protein）单结构域的蛋白质组成，在脂类识别和天然免疫信号传导途径中起重要作用。ML蛋白家族成员在节肢动物中众多，功能复杂，ML蛋白研究聚焦于宿主与病毒之间的互作，但是对于ML蛋白在入侵昆虫中的功能研究未见报道。本团队以入侵昆虫红火蚁Solenopsis invicta为研究对象，基于红火蚁基因组和转录组数据，筛选鉴定获得5个ML基因（SiML1~5），生物信息学分析表明SiMLs家族包含一个信号肽和一个典型ML结构域，其中ML结构域几乎覆盖了SiML1（25~151 aa）、SiML2（23~150 aa）、SiML3（24~145 aa）、SiML4（21~150 aa）和SiML5（58~175 aa）蛋白的整个编码区，并含有6个保守的半胱氨酸残基。系统进化分析显示红火蚁SiML1，SiML2，SiML3和SiML4在同一个分支，与紫苑叶蝉Macrosteles quadrilineatus（MqML）亲缘关系较近；而红火蚁SiML5与中红侧沟茧蜂Microplitis mediator（MmML3）在同一个分支上。荧光定量PCR检测显示红火蚁SiMLs家族基因在红火蚁6个组织中均有转录，在脂肪体中表达量最高；SiMLs家族基因在整个发育历期都有表达，在卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫变态期间均有差异表达，主要是上调表达，表明ML蛋白可能参与红火蚁的变态发育过程。用细菌和真菌病原菌通过喷洒或浸泡红火蚁大型工蚁进行免疫诱导，RT-qPCR结果显示火蚁大型工蚁SiMLs家族成员在大肠杆菌诱导3~48 h后均显著上调表达，在金龟子绿僵菌和白僵菌菌诱导后，早期（3~12 h）SiMLs家族成员表达升高，后期（24~48h）表达受到抑制。本研究表明红火蚁SiMLs能够响应病原菌的入侵，且针对不同病原体有不同的表达模式，这些发现为SiMLs蛋白的功能研究奠定了基础。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Related lipid recognition proteins, which compose a class of proteins featuring a single ML domain, play a crucial role in lipid recognition and innate immune signaling pathways. Numerous ML protein family members exist in arthropods, exhibiting complex functions. These ML proteins primarily focus on the interactions between hosts and viruses. However, studies investigating the interaction mechanisms of ML proteins in invasive insects and pathogens remain scarce. Specifically, the function of ML protein in invasive insects have not been documented.Five ML genes (SiML1~5) were identified based on the genome of S. invicta and laboratory transcriptome data. Bioinformatics analyses were conducted on the S. invicta ML family,which includes a signal peptide and a typical ML domain. The ML domain encompasses nearly the entire coding region of SiML1 (25~151 aa), SiML2 (23~150 aa), SiML3 (24~145 aa), SiML4 (21~150 aa) and SiML5 (58~175 aa), and contains six conserved cysteine residues. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that SiML1, SiML2, SiML3 and SiML4 were grouped in the same clade, showing close relation to Macrosteles quadrilineatus(MqML). The relationship between SiML5 and Microplitis mediator (MmML3) was found to be close. Results from fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) indicated that SiMLs family genes were transcribed in six tissues of S. invicta, with particularly high expression in the fat body. These genes were expressed throughout the developmental stages and exhibited differential expression during metamorphosis,suggesting that ML proteins play a role in the metamorphic development of S. invicta. Immunological responses to bacterial and fungal pathogens were elicited by spraying or soaking the major worker ants. RT-qPCR results demonstrated that the expression of ML family members in major worker ants was significantly up-regulated 3 to 48 h after induction by Escherichia coli (P<0.05). Following induction by Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana, the expression of ML family members was induced in the early stage (3 to 12 h) but inhibited in the later stage (24 to 48 h). These results indicate that the SiMLs family in major worker ants can respond to pathogenic bacterial infections, with distinct immune response modes observed among different pathogens. Furthermore, the findings suggest that S. invicta SiMLs can effectively respond to pathogen invasion, exhibiting varied expression patterns in response to different pathogens. This study lays the groundwork for future functional investigations of SiMLs proteins. |
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