| 王雨丹，谢 华，杨 培，张 媛，李宗波,,五种鸡嗉子榕小蜂产卵器结构与其功能类群的相关性[J].环境昆虫学报,(): |
| 五种鸡嗉子榕小蜂产卵器结构与其功能类群的相关性 |
| Correlation between ovipositor structure and functional categories of fig wasps in Ficus semicordata |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 鸡嗉子榕 榕小蜂 产卵器 功能性状 食性 |
| 英文关键词:Ficus semicordata fig wasp ovipositor functional morphology diet |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 膜翅目寄生蜂的产卵器是专门用于刺破寄主体表而达到产卵目的的特化器官，对于理解共存物种之间的竞争、合作以及多营养级联具有重要意义。本文以鸡嗉子榕Ficus semicordata果内共生的榕小蜂群落为研究对象，应用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对一种传粉榕小蜂-窝榕小蜂Ceratosolen gravelyi及4种非传粉榕小蜂-妃延腹榕小蜂Philotrypesis dunia、拉长鞘榕小蜂Sycophaga cunia、缩腹榕小蜂Apocrypta sp.和伪鞘榕小蜂Sycoscapter trifemmensis的产卵器进行了观察，结合访果产卵时序和果壁厚度，分析了5种鸡嗉子榕小蜂产卵器的功能性状与食性之间的相关性。结果表明：产卵器端部的硬化程度随产卵时序的延后而逐渐增加，进果产卵的传粉榕小蜂产卵器末端仅有1齿，具有2种钟形感器和1种浅凹形感器，而果外产卵的非传粉榕小蜂则有多齿和多种感器，齿数量和感器类型亦随造瘿者到复寄生者依次增加，且产卵器含齿区的长度与榕果壁厚度呈正相关关系；聚类结果显示产卵器结构反映了榕小蜂所属的功能类群。这些结果将有益于理解榕小蜂的食性及其共存机制，并为预测其它寄生蜂的功能类群提供依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The ovipositor of parasitic Hymenoptera is a specific organ for depositing eggs by piercing into a host's body, serving as a valuable index for understanding the competition, cooperation, and multitrophic cascades among co-occurring species. Here, we used light and scanning electron microscopy to gain the morphological characteristics of one pollinating fig wasp Ceratosolen gravelyi and four species non-pollinating fig wasp Philotrypesis dunia, Sycophaga cunia, Apocrypta sp., and Sycoscapter trifemmensis, which are endosymbiosis with the fig syconia of Ficus semicordata. According to the wasp ovipositing fig sequence and fig wall thickness, we explored the correlation between the ovipositor structure and diet of 5 wasps, as mentioned earlier. The results showed that the sclerotization degree of the ovipositor tip gradually increased with the later-ovipositing sequence wasps. The pollinator C. gravelyi, laying eggs inside, showed one ovipositor tooth and one campaniform sensillum at the surface of the ovipositor. Still, four non-pollinators, depositing eggs outside, had more teeth and sensilla at the same location of ovipositor. Furthermore, the number and diversity of ovipositor teeth and sensilla could increase from gall-makers to parasitoids. There was a positive correlation between the length of ovipositor teeth and fig wall thickness. Hierarchical cluster analysis using ovipositor traits mirrored the functional categories of fig wasp in F. semicordata. The results will help understand the diet and coexistence in the fig wasp community. Additionally, the detailed knowledge of ovipositor structure may predict the function categories of parasites in other communities. |
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