《环境昆虫学报》

对荻草谷网蚜Sitobion miscanthi可能存在的低温应对机制进行了初步研究，选用3龄若蚜，通过转录组测序对低温处理组（-7℃，3 h，记作T）和常温对照组（22℃，3 h，记作CK）样品进行测序分析，同时利用qRT-PCR对随机选择的6个耐寒性相关基因表达量进行测定。结果显示，转录组测序、组装后共获得28 333个unigenes，在GO数据库中注释到8 843个unigenes。低温胁迫后差异表达的unigenes数量为936个，其中508个上调，428个下调。经GO功能注释和KEGG富集分析发现，差异基因（DEGs）主要集中在碳代谢、氨基酸生物合成和缬氨酸亮氨酸异亮氨酸降解通路，其中热激蛋白、海藻糖、性决定蛋白基因显著上调表达，黑芥子酶基因显著下调表达。经qRT-PCR验证，随机筛选的6个DEGs的定量结果与转录组测序结果趋势一致。综上，本研究结果为进一步挖掘与荻草谷网蚜耐寒性相关基因提供理论基础。

英文摘要:

In order to reveal the adaptation mechanisms of Sitobion miscanthi to low temperature, transcriptome sequencing of S. miscanthi was performed, exposure to low temperature (-7℃) and normal temperature (22℃) for three hours with high throughput sequencing technology, and key unigenes of differential expression were screened. The gene function annotation and related metabolic pathway enrichment analysis were carried out. Meanwhile, six genes related to chill resistance of S. miscanthi were selected for real-time quantification PCR (qRT-PCR) to verify the results from transcriptome sequencing. Total 28 333 unigenes were sequenced and assembled, 8 842 unigenes were annotated in GO. Compared with the control, 936 unigenes were differentially expressed (508 up-regulated and 428 down-regulated). The differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in carbon metabolism and biosynthesis of amino acids, and valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation pathway, among which trehalose genes and heatshock protein genes and sex determination protein genes were up-regulated with myrosinase genes were down-regulated. The qRT-PCR results of six differentially expressed genes randomly screened were consistent with the transcriptome sequencing results. It was indicated that the transcriptome analysis results were reliable. In summary, this study systematically analyzed the related genes of S. miscanthi confronted by the low temperature, which may provide scientific basis for exploring the cold tolerane mechanism.

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