《环境昆虫学报》

自20世纪40年代首次报告蚊虫对杀虫剂产生抗性以来，杀虫剂抗药性迅速在世界范围内蔓延，严重影响了媒介蚊虫及其传染病的控制。电压门控钠离子通道（Voltage-gated sodium ion channel, VGSC）是拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的作用靶标，VGSC活性位点的突变影响杀虫剂和VGSC的结合产生击倒抗性（Knock-down resistance，kdr）从而影响杀虫剂的效果。弄清kdr突变是弄清杀虫剂抗性分子机制，研发杀虫剂抗性分子检测技术的基础。本研究简述了蚊虫的杀虫剂抗性机制，电压门控钠离子通道的结构，重点概述了我国5种重要媒介蚊虫（中华按蚊Anopheles sinensis、白蚊伊蚊Aedes albopictus、埃及伊蚊Aedes aegypti、致倦库蚊Culex quinquefasciatus、三带喙库蚊Culex tritaenioides）kdr突变及其与拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂抗性的关系。这些综述为进一步研究VGSC的kdr突变，VGSC的三维结构，kdr突变的抗性分子机制具有重要价值，为研发杀虫剂抗性的分子检测技术提供理论依据。

英文摘要:

Since the initial report of mosquito resistance to insecticides in the 1940s, such resistance has rapidly spread worldwide, presenting a significant challenge to the control of various diseases transmitted by mosquitoes as vectors. The voltage-gated sodium ion channel (VGSC) serves as the target for pyrethroid insecticides. Mutations occurring in the active site of VGSC can disrupt the binding of insecticides to VGSC, resulting in knockdown resistance (kdr) and compromising the effectiveness of insecticides. Understanding the kdr mutation is fundamental to comprehending the molecular mechanisms underlying insecticide resistance and to the development of molecular detection technologies for such resistance. This review provides a concise overview of the insecticide resistance mechanisms in mosquitoes, the structure of VGSC, and delves into the kdr mutations found in five key vector mosquitoes in China (Anopheles sinensis, Aedes albopictus, Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Culex tritaenioides), exploring their correlation with pyrethroid insecticide resistance. The insights garnered from this review hold significant value for studying VGSC kdr mutations, understanding the three-dimensional structure of VGSC, elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance to kdr mutations, and furnishing a theoretical framework for the future development of molecular detection techniques for insecticide resistance.

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