《环境昆虫学报》

孟氏隐唇瓢虫Cryptolaemus montrouzieri是生物防治领域应用最广泛的天敌种类之一。为明确冷冻粉蚧对孟氏隐唇瓢虫的饲养效果，为其人工饲料开发提供科学依据，本研究开展以下试验：以孟氏隐唇瓢虫群体为研究对象，分别以新鲜粉蚧（CK）和冷冻粉蚧（T）饲喂，测定并比较其群体的化蛹率和羽化率；以孟氏隐唇瓢虫个体为研究对象，同样以新鲜粉蚧（CK）和冷冻粉蚧（T）饲喂，测定并比较其幼虫和蛹的发育历期以及雌雄成虫的体重；以上述试验2获得的成虫为研究对象，将以上2组成虫组内雌雄配对后再各分为2组，分别饲养新鲜粉蚧和冷冻粉蚧，即幼虫期和成虫期分别饲喂：新鲜粉蚧/新鲜粉蚧（CK）、新鲜粉蚧/冷冻粉蚧（T1）、冷冻粉蚧/新鲜粉蚧（T2）、冷冻粉蚧/冷冻粉蚧（T3），测定并比较4组雌虫的产卵前期和10 d产卵量。结果显示，取食冷冻粉蚧的孟氏隐唇瓢虫，其群体化蛹率和羽化率（90.00%和87.00%）与对照组（92.00%和90.00%）相比无显著性差异；幼虫和蛹的发育历期（15.42 d和11.48 d）均显著大于对照组（13.51 d和10.88 d），雌雄成虫的体重（10.82 mg和9.54 mg）均显著低于对照组（11.39 mg和9.94 mg）；CK和T1、T2和T3的产卵前期分别为7.20 d、8.29 d、7.42 d和8.31 d，孵化率分别为83.56%、81.50%、83.78%和81.91%，这两方面四者之间均无显著差异，CK的10 d产卵量（157.73）与T2（140.33）无显著差异，T1（57.30）与T3（58.77）无显著差异，但CK与T1和T3，T2与T1和T3之间均表现出极显著性差异。结果表明，以冷冻粉蚧饲喂孟氏隐唇瓢虫，对其化蛹率、羽化率、产卵前期和孵化率均无不良影响，但其幼虫和蛹的发育历期、雌雄成虫的体重、以及产卵量均表现出显著的负面影响。虽然冷冻粉蚧无法直接替代新鲜粉蚧作为孟氏隐唇瓢虫规模化生产的饲料，但仍显示出较好的应用潜力。未来可以通过对冷冻粉蚧进行剂型加工改良和使用人工产卵介质等措施来提升其生长发育及生殖能力表现。

英文摘要:

Cryptolaemus montrouzieri was one of the most widely used natural enemies in the field of biological control. To clarify the feeding effects of frozen mealybugs on C. montrouzieri and provide a scientific basis for the development of artificial feed, the following experiments were carried out: C. montrouzieri populations were fed with fresh mealybugs (CK) and frozen mealybugs (T), and their pupation and emergence rates were measured and compared. Individual C. montrouzieri were similarly fed with fresh (CK) and frozen mealybugs (T), and the developmental periods of larvae and pupae, as well as the body weights of adult males and females, were measured and compared. Adults obtained from these experiments were paired and divided into four groups, each fed with different combinations of fresh and frozen mealybugs during larval and adult stages: fresh/fresh (CK), fresh/frozen (T1), frozen/fresh (T2), and frozen/frozen (T3). The pre-oviposition periods and 10-day oviposition amounts of female beetles in these groups were then compared. The results showed that the pupation and emergence rates of C. montrouzieri fed with frozen mealybugs (90.00% and 87.00%) showed no significant difference compared to the control group (92.00% and 90.00%). However, the developmental periods for larvae and pupae (15.42 d and 11.48 d) were significantly longer than those of the control group (13.51 d and 10.88 d), and the body weights of adult males and females (10.82 mg and 9.54 mg) were also significantly lower than those in the control group (11.39 mg and 9.94 mg). The pre-oviposition periods for CK, T1, T2, and T3 were 7.20 d, 8.29 d, 7.42 d, and 8.31 d, respectively, and the hatching rates were 83.56%, 81.50%, 83.78%, and 81.91%, with no significant differences among the four groups. The 10-day oviposition amounts for CK (157.73) and T2 (140.33) showed no significant difference, while T1 (57.30) and T3 (58.77) showed no significant difference. However, significant differences were observed between CK and T1 and T3, as well as between T2 and T1 and T3. These results indicated that feeding C. montrouzieri with frozen mealybugs did not adversely affect their pupation rates, emergence rates, pre-oviposition periods, or hatching rates. However, it significantly negatively impacted the developmental periods of larvae and pupae, the body weights of adult males and females, and the quantity of eggs produced. Although frozen mealybugs could not fully replace fresh mealybugs as feed for large-scale production of C. montrouzieri, they still demonstrated good potential for use. Future improvements in formulation processing and the use of artificial oviposition media might enhance their growth, development, and reproductive performance.

查看全文查看/发表评论下载PDF阅读器

关闭