《环境昆虫学报》

扶桑绵粉蚧Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley是一种重大入侵害虫，目前其防治主要依赖化学杀虫剂。为筛选对扶桑绵粉蚧高效的杀虫剂并明确这些杀虫剂对其生理生化的影响，选取3种能有效防治刺吸式口器害虫的不同化学类别杀虫剂（啶虫脒、高效氯氰菊酯、灭多威），采用带虫浸叶法测定3种不同类型杀虫剂对扶桑绵粉蚧3龄若虫的室内毒力，进一步测定在LC50、LC30、LC10下扶桑绵粉蚧体内海藻糖、可溶性蛋白和甘油三酯的含量及解毒酶[谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GSTs）和羧酸酯酶（CarE）]的活性。结果表明，啶虫脒的致死中浓度最低（22.97 mg/L）。3种杀虫剂LC50胁迫均显著提高GSTs活性；相反，高效氯氰菊酯和灭多威胁迫下CarE显著被抑制，在灭多威LC30处理下CarE活性最低（48.14 U/g）。3种杀虫剂各浓度胁迫下扶桑绵粉蚧体内海藻糖含量均显著降低，啶虫脒LC30处理下含量最低（16.60 mg/g）；而可溶性蛋白含量仅在高效氯氰菊酯与灭多威胁迫下显著降低，同一致死浓度下，啶虫脒处理后可溶性蛋白含量显著高于高效氯氰菊酯和灭多威处理。扶桑绵粉蚧体内甘油三酯含量仅在灭多威LC10胁迫下显著升高（31.11 mg/g），高效氯氰菊酯LC50处理下降低（11.93 mg/g）。表明扶桑绵粉蚧对啶虫脒更为敏感，受到杀虫剂胁迫需消耗大量能源物质以求生存，GSTs在扶桑绵粉蚧解毒过程可能起重要作用。研究结果为扶桑绵粉蚧化学防控药剂选择和抗药性治理提供科学参考。

英文摘要:

Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley is an important invasive pest, whose control mainly depends on chemical insecticides. In order to select highly effective insecticides for the control of P. solenopsis and to clarify their physiological and biochemical effects, three different chemical types of insecticides (acetamiprid, beta-cypermethrin and methomyl), which are effective in controlling sucking mouthparts, were selected and analyzed the toxicity of these insecticides against 3rd instar of P. solenopsis nymphs with the immersion method under laboratory conditions. Moreover, we assessed the detoxification enzymes activity [glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) and carboxylesterase (CarE)], and the energy substances content (soluble proteins, triglycerides and trehalose) of P. solenopsis at LC50, LC30 and LC10. The results showed that acetamiprid had the lowest LC50 (22.97 mg/L). The activity of GSTs was significantly increased when exposed to LC50 of all three candidates. However, the activity of CarE was reduced which inhibited by beta-cypermethrin and methomyl stresses. The lowest activity of CarE was observed in methomyl LC30 treatment (48.14 U/g). The contents of trehalose of P. solenopsis were significantly decreased in all the concentrations when exposed to three candidates. The lowest content of trehalose was observed in acetamiprid LC30 treatment (16.60 mg/g). However, soluble protein content was significantly decreased only in the exposure of beta-cypermethrin and methomyl. At the same lethal concentration, the soluble protein content of acetamiprid treatment was significantly higher than that of beta-cypermethrin and methomyl treatment. The triglyceride content in P. solenopsis was significantly increased only under methomyl LC10 stress (31.11 mg/g) and decreased under beta-cypermethrin LC50 treatment (11.93 mg/g). It indicated that P. solenopsis were more sensitive to acetamiprid and consume a large amount of energy to survive when exposed to insecticides, and GSTs may play an important role in the detoxification process of P. solenopsis. Our results provide a theoretical basis for the rational selection of insecticides and the study of resistance mechanism in the integrated pest management of P. solenopsis.

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