| 陈明波，王刚，彭艳琼，王波,2023,六种同域分布雌雄异株榕树挥发物多样性与系统发育一致性[J].环境昆虫学报,(3):595-602 |
| 六种同域分布雌雄异株榕树挥发物多样性与系统发育一致性 |
| Floral volatile diversity and correlation to the phylogeny among six sympatric dioecious Ficus |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 榕树-榕小蜂 传粉育幼共生体 榕果挥发物 系统发育相关性 |
| 英文关键词:Fig-fig wasp nursery pollination mutualism fig volatiles phylogenetic correlation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（31770463，32171527） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 322 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 植物花挥发物是维持昆虫-植物传粉互作的重要化学信号，其组成的多样性对于理解传粉昆虫与植物相互作用的形成、维持和进化具有重要意义。榕树与其传粉榕小蜂是一种专性的互惠共生关系，榕树为榕小蜂提供繁殖场所，榕小蜂为榕树传粉。而榕果雌花期（接收期）释放的特异性挥发物是维持双方相互作用的关键媒介。本研究以西双版纳地区同域分布的6种雌雄异株榕树为研究对象，用固相微萃取和气相色谱质谱联用仪对雌花期榕果的挥发物组成进行了分析。共发现77种化合物，包含脂肪酸类衍生物6种、单萜类化合物16种、倍半萜类衍生物50种和芳香族化合物5种，不同化合物对挥发物距离差异性的贡献率依次是：对甲基苯甲醚（4-methylanisole，2.15）、β-罗勒烯（β-Ocimene，0.84）和喜沙木烯（Prezizaene，0.73）。不同物种间挥发物组成有显著的差异，且挥发物的差异与榕树系统发育距离具有正相关性，但同一物种不同性别间的挥发物组成上没有显著的差异。本研究中发现雌雄异株榕树挥发物组成具有多样性高、种内性别间相似、种间差异大，系统发育一致性的特点，上述特点在榕树物种分化以及维持雌雄异株榕树繁殖的化学通讯机制中可能发挥着关键作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Floral volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are essential for maintaining plant-pollinator interactions. Elucidating the diversity of floral VOCs is fundamental for understanding the emergence, maintenance, and coevolution of insect-plant interactions. Figs and fig wasps exhibit nursery pollination mutualism, with fig trees providing habitat and food and fig wasps providing pollination and pollen transport. Scents emitted from receptive phase syconia are crucial for obligate interactions between figs and pollinating fig wasps. Here, VOCs from six sympatric dioecious fig trees were collected using solid-phase microextraction during the receptive phase and VOC composition was then analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS）. We identified 77 VOCs, including 16 monoterpenes, 50 sesquiterpenes, six fatty acid derivatives, and five aromatic compounds. Three most important compounds contributing to VOC dissimilarity were 4-methylanisole (2.51), β-ocimene (0.84), and prezizaene (0.73）. Significant differences in VOCs were found among species, but not between male and female trees. In addition, VOC distance and phylogenetic distance showed a positive relationship. The floral VOCs from the six Ficus species were characterized by high diversity, sexual similarity, interspecific differences, and positive phylogenetic distance correlation, which may play a central role in the speciation and successful reproduction of sympatric Ficus species. |
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