| 李燕，刘萍，太一梅，王磊,2021,昆明市呈贡区红火蚁工蚁消长动态及防控适期[J].环境昆虫学报,43(6):1552-1556 |
| 昆明市呈贡区红火蚁工蚁消长动态及防控适期 |
| Dynamics of red imported fire ant worker and its optimum control period in Chenggong, Kunming, China |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 红火蚁 工蚁 动态 昆明 |
| 英文关键词:Solenopsis invicta worker dynamic Kunming |
| 基金项目:中央财政林业科技推广示范项目（云〔2018〕TG04号）；广东省科技发展专项资金项目（2017B020202009）；广东省现代农业产业共性关键技术研发创新团队建设项目（2020KJ134） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 红火蚁Solenopsis invicta Buren是我国重要的入侵害虫，2003年10月我国台湾发现其发生，2004年9月广东吴川也发现其危害，其后16年发生范围迅速扩大，已经入侵15个省区并具明显扩散趋势，给入侵区生产、生活造成严重的负面影响。2013年10月云南省首次在元谋县发现红火蚁入侵，其后相继在昆明、玉溪、丽江、临沧、文山等地发现其危害。为明确新入侵区红火蚁的发生规律，为其防治提供科学依据，本文采用诱饵诱集法系统调查了云南省昆明市呈贡区红火蚁工蚁年发生动态，并分析了工蚁觅食强度与温度、降雨的关系。结果表明，该地区工蚁动态表现为双峰型，即年内出现两个明显盛期，分别在7-8月和10-11月，其具体动态为1-5月觅食工蚁数量少，数量增长缓慢，6-7月逐渐增加，8月觅食工蚁数量达到最大，平均每个诱集瓶可以诱集294头，而后减少；10-11月又进入一个盛期，12月又开始减少。全年中2月份红火蚁最少，平均诱集工蚁数量为15头/瓶。通过对温度、降雨量与捕获到工蚁的数量进行相关性分析，发现温度、降雨量均与捕获工蚁数量存在显著相关性。以气温25℃或者地面温度21℃作为标准提出，4月下旬-8月下旬为昆明地区应用饵剂防控红火蚁最适温度时间范围。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta Buren, one of the most serious invasive pests in China, has invaded 15 provincial regions, and still been in rapid spreading process. It was found in Jiayi, Taiwan in October, 2003, and in Wuchuan, Guangdong in September, 2004. In the following 16 years, the scope of its infestation expanded rapidly, and had caused negative impact on the production and life in the invasion areas. In 2013, the fire ant was firstly found in Yuanmou, Yunnan. In order to make clear the regularity of this ant in the new infected area and provide the basis for prevention and control, the annual activity of the fire ant workers in Chenggong, Kunming, Yunnan was systematically investigated by using bait.The paper also analyzed the relationship between the number of workers, the activity, and temperature and rainfall. The results showed that the dynamics of the workers in Kunming was bimodal, i.e. there were two obvious peaks in July and August, October and November, respectively. The number of workers was small from January to May, and increased slowly in June and July, and reached the maximum in August, with an average of 294 per trap, and then decreased. In October and November, the worker number entered a peak period and began to decrease in December. In February, the activity of the fire ant workers were the lowest, with an average of 15 per trap. Through the correlation analysis of temperature, rainfall and the number of workers captured, it was found that there was a significant correlation among temperature, rainfall and the number of workers captured. Based on the air temperature of 25℃ or the ground temperature of 21℃ as the standard, it was proposed that the optimum control period of using baits to control the fire ant in Kunming was from late April to late August. |
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