| 朱琪琪,曲明静,姜晓静,马雯倩,徐蓬军,李超,2026,花生/棉花间作对昆虫群落多样性及相关性的影响[J].环境昆虫学报,(4):1126-1136 |
| 花生/棉花间作对昆虫群落多样性及相关性的影响 |
| Effects of peanut/cotton intercropping on insect community diversity and correlation |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-0858.2026.04.14 |
| 中文关键词: 花生/棉花间作 昆虫群落多样性 相关性 |
| 英文关键词:Peanut/cotton intercropping insect community diversity correlation |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2023YFD1400905）；财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-13）；新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项基金（2022A02008-4） |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 朱琪琪 | 1. 新疆农业大学农学院,农业农村部西北荒漠绿洲农林外来入侵生物防控重点实验室（部省共建）,乌鲁木齐 830052 | | 曲明静 | 2. 山东省花生研究所,青岛 266100 | | 姜晓静 | 2. 山东省花生研究所,青岛 266100 | | 马雯倩 | 3. 南京农业大学生命科学学院,作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,南京 210095 | | 徐蓬军 | 4. 中国农业科学院烟草研究所,青岛 266101 | | 李超 | 1. 新疆农业大学农学院,农业农村部西北荒漠绿洲农林外来入侵生物防控重点实验室（部省共建）,乌鲁木齐 830052；5. 中国农业科学院麻类研究所,南方经济作物研究中心,长沙 410205 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】为探讨花生/棉花间作模式对生物多样性和控害能力的影响。【方法】开展了花生/棉花间作对昆虫群落多样性和主要害虫控害能力的影响研究。【结果】花生田引入棉花显著提升了昆虫群落多样性和丰富度指数（P<0.05）；从天敌角度来看，间作区天敌的发生数量平均增加126.58%，物种数平均增加77.27%，均显著增多（P<0.05），同时，多样性和丰富度指数也显著升高（P<0.05）；从害虫角度来看，花生田引入棉花后，间作花生区的害虫个体数平均减少66.82%，物种数平均减少8.33%，均显著减少（P<0.05），但间作区盲蝽科害虫数量比花生单作区增长55.27 %。进一步分析花生重要害虫蓟马和花生蚜发生动态发现：间作花生区两种害虫数量均显著降低，且间作花生区东亚小花蝽Orius sauteri百株虫量与蓟马百株虫量（log）呈显著负相关（P<0.05）；瓢虫百株虫量与花生蚜百株虫量（log）呈显著负相关（P<0.05），证实天敌与害虫之间存在相关性。【结论】本研究表明花生/棉花间作提高了昆虫生物多样性，使天敌群落生物多样性增加，对间作花生区的害虫实现控害作用，同时应防范间作导致的个别害虫寄主谱的扩大；对棉花区昆虫群落多样性的调查还需进一步研究。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Aim】To explore the influences of peanut/cotton intercropping patterns on biodiversity and pest control capabilities.【Methods】A study on the effects of peanut/cotton intercropping on the diversity of insect communities and the control of major pests was carried out.【Results】The results indicated that the introduction of cotton into peanut fields significantly enhanced the diversity and richness index of the insect community (P < 0.05). From the perspective of natural enemies, the occurrence number and species number of natural enemies in intercropping areas increased significantly by 126.58% and 77.27% on average (P<0.05), and the diversity and richness index also increased significantly (P<0.05).From the perspective of pests, after the introduction of cotton in peanut field, the number of insect individuals and species decreased by 66.82% and 8.33% on average in the intercropping peanut area, both significantly decreased (P<0.05). However, the number of Miridae pests in the intercropping area increased by 55.27% compared with the peanut monoculture.Further analysis of the occurrence dynamics of important peanut pests, Thysanoptera and Aphis craccivora, revealed that the quantities of both pests in the intercropping peanut area decreased significantly, and the number of Orius sauteri per hundred plants in the intercropping peanut area was significantly negatively correlated with the number of trips per hundred plants (log); the number of Coccinellidae per hundred plants was significantly negatively correlated with the number of Aphis craccivora per hundred plants (log), confirming the correlation between natural enemies and pests.【Conclusion】This research demonstrated that peanut/cotton intercropping enhanced insect biodiversity, increased the biodiversity of the natural enemy community, and achieved pest control in the intercropping peanut area. Meanwhile, precautions should be taken against the expansion of the host range of individual pests caused by intercropping; further research is needed on the investigation of the diversity of insect communities in the cotton area. |
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