| 林伟强,杨欣亚,王忠,李诗颖,汪岚峰,王偲,,近25年白蚁饵剂研究进展[J].环境昆虫学报,(): |
| 近25年白蚁饵剂研究进展 |
| Research advance in termite bait in recent 25 years |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 城市害虫 白蚁 饵剂 几丁质合成抑制剂 区域防治 |
| 英文关键词:Urban pest termite bait chitin synthesis inhibitor area-wide management |
| 基金项目:广州市市场监督管理局科技项目（2024KJ56） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 57 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 白蚁饵剂法是一种利用白蚁群体生物学特性的防治技术，其核心在于利用具有缓效性的灭蚁有效成分在白蚁群体中的传递性，即部分白蚁摄入饵剂后不会立即死亡，该有效成分可通过互食与交哺行为水平传递给其他个体，最终实现整巢灭杀。几丁质合成抑制剂可干扰白蚁表皮形成，导致其在蜕皮过程中死亡，且在白蚁群体中具有良好的传递性，因此被广泛用作白蚁饵剂的有效成分。近年来，随着对白蚁觅食行为理解的不断加深，已开发了一系列能够促进白蚁搜索和取食行为的饵料、饵站及引诱剂。在实验室研究和野外应用中，饵剂在针对特定白蚁类群（如乳白蚁、散白蚁及部分高等白蚁）的防控中取得了显著成效。与使用大量化学农药的土壤处理法相比，饵剂法不仅可以杀灭整巢白蚁，还可大幅减少化学农药的使用量，因而在环保性、安全性和经济性方面具有突出优势，已成为白蚁区域防控的重要组成部分。未来可通过筛选新型饵剂有效成分、开发多元化投递方式，并结合智能监测技术，研发出更契合我国白蚁防治实际需求的新产品和新技术。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The termite baiting system is a control technology developed in recent years based on the social-living characteristics of termites. The basis of termite bait relies on the horizontal transfer of slow-acting toxins within termite colonies. Specifically, after some termites consume bait containing the active ingredient, they do not die immediately, and the active ingredient can be horizontally transferred to other individuals through cannibalism and trophallaxis, ultimately leading to the colony-level elimination. Several chitin synthesis inhibitors can interfere with termite cuticle formation, causing death during molting, and exhibit good transmissibility within termite colonies, making them widely used as active ingredients in termite baits. In recent years, with a deepened understanding of termite foraging behavior, some novel bait matrix, stations, and attractants have been developed to promote termite searching and feeding. In laboratory studies and field applications, baiting systems have achieved significant success in controlling specific termite groups, including Coptotermes, Reticulitermes, and some higher termites. Compared to traditional methods such as soil treatment that require the use of large amount of liquid termiticides, termite baits not only could eliminate the whole termite colonies, but also substantially reduce the amount of chemical pesticides used, thus offering outstanding advantages in terms of environmental protection, safety, and economy, and therefore have become an important component of area-wide management of termites. In the future, new termite bait products and techniques can be developed by screening new active ingredients, developing bait-delivery methods, and integrating intelligent monitoring technologies, which will better meet the practical needs of termite control in China. |
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